批判与反思:国外学者研究视阈中《国家与革命》的三个问题

Criticism and Introspection:Three Issues of State and Revolution from the Perspective of Foreign Scholars'Research

《国家与革命》是列宁国家理论的重要著作,同时也是国外学者指证列宁与马克思恩格斯政治思想断裂的主要文本支撑。通过解读国外学者就文本中的“共产主义阶段是否存在市民社会?”“和平长入社会主义的可能性”“阶级国家的普遍职能”等观点,从批判逻辑维度系统论述国外学者价值立场、具体内容和实证主义研究方法的失真。进一步地,透视国外学者逻辑谬误的缘由,指出意识形态色彩浓厚是诱因、碎片化研究是主因以及客观历史语境差异是次因。《国家与革命》是列宁对马克思主义国家学说的系统概括和丰富发展,观照国外列宁研究,阐释马克思主义研究的不同路径,深化对作为方法论的马克思主义的进一步理解。

State and Revolution is an important work of Lenin's state theory,and it is also the main text support for foreign scholars to prove the political and ideological fracture between Lenin and Marx and Engels.Through the interpretation of foreign scholars'views on the issues in the text like“Is there a civil society in the stage of communism?”,“the possibility of peaceful growth into socialism”and“the general function of class state”,this paper systematically discusses the distortion of foreign scholars'value standpoint,specific content and positivist research methods from the critical logic dimension.Furthermore,it points out that the strong ideological color is the inducement,the fragmentation research the main cause and the objective historical context difference the secondary cause.State and Revolution is Lenin's systematic generalization and rich development of Marxist state theory.Discussion of research of Lenin abroad and explanation of different paths of Marxist research can deepen our further understanding of Marxism as methodology.