PM2.5参与哮喘发生发展的机制研究进展

Review of Mechanisms of PM2.5 in Development of Asthma

随着我国工业化水平的提高和城市化进程的加快,空气污染问题日益严峻,哮喘患病率不断升高,严重威胁人类健康。细颗粒物(PM)2.5作为空气环境污染物的重要组成部分,具有颗粒小、成分复杂、能吸附变应原并增强致敏性等特点,可深入损伤气道。PM2.5与呼吸系统疾病密切相关,包括肺癌、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、呼吸道感染、哮喘等。PM2.5不仅可加重哮喘,而且与新发哮喘的关系密切。PM2.5可能通过氧化应激、气道重构、炎症反应及增强气道易感性等机制参与哮喘的发生和发展。

With the development of industrialization and urbanization of China,air pollution is becoming gradually severe,and the prevalence of asthma has been increasingly rising,which seriously threatens the human health.Particulate matter(PM)2.5,as an important component of ambient environment pollutants,is characterized by small particles,complex components,the absorptivity to allergen and enhancing sensitization of allergen,which can penetrate deep into the airway and further participate in the development of asthma.PM2.5 can severely affect multiple systems,and is particularly related to respiratory system diseases including lung cancer,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,respiratory infection and asthma.PM2.5 not only can exacerbate asthma,but also contribute to the initiation of new cases of asthma.It could cause asthma through oxidative stress,airway remodeling,inflammatory response and enhancement of airway susceptibility to allergens.