我国部分地区婴儿人群梭状芽胞杆菌暴露水平调查

A study on Clostridium spp. exposure level on infant population in some parts of China

目的以人群调查研究方式对我国部分地区婴儿及婴儿配方粉中梭状芽胞杆菌污染水平进行分析,获得我国婴儿人群梭状芽胞杆菌暴露水平数据。方法在我国六个省(自治区)设点,调查婴儿人群的基本信息,并对相关人群的粪便标本以及食品、环境和所在地市售婴儿配方粉样品进行采集,对所有样品/标本进行梭状芽胞杆菌检测。结果本研究共调查婴儿501人。按照喂养方式分组,包括纯母乳喂养247人,混合/人工喂养254人。按照年龄分组,包括0~6月龄367人,7~12月龄134人。采集样品813份,其中246份样品/标本中分离出梭状芽胞杆菌246株,总检出率为30.3%(246/813),其中检出率较高的梭状芽胞杆菌分别为生胞梭菌(8.4%,68/813)、双酶梭菌(6.2%,50/813)和丁酸梭菌(4.6%,37/813);梭状芽胞杆菌分离率最高的为粪便标本(37.3%,187/501),之后依次为市售婴儿配方粉样品(22.3%,27/121)、环境样品(19.5%,25/128)和食品样品(11.1%,7/63);其中混合/人工喂养组检出率高于纯母乳喂养组,7~12月龄组检出率高于0~6月龄组,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=40.833,P<0.01;χ2=27.829,P<0.01)。结论我国部分地区婴儿食用的食品及生活的环境中梭状芽胞杆菌暴露水平较高。

Objective A case-control study on Clostridium spp.contamination on infant population and infant formula powdered was carried out, the data on Clostridium spp. exposure in some parts of China was obtained. Methods Epidemiological information and samples were collected from 6 locations in 6 provinces in China. The isolation and identification, of Clostridium spp. were performed. Results Totally 501 infants were investigated. Among them, 247 were exclusive breastfeeding and 254 were mixed feeding. According to the month grouping, 367 were 0-6 months and 134 were 7-12 months. A total of 813 samples were collected. After testing, 246 strains of Clostridium spp. were obtained and the positive rate was 30.3%(246/813). C.sporogenes(8.4%,68/813), C.bifermentans(6.2%,50/813) and C.butyricum(4.6%,37/813) had the highest detection rate.37.3%(187/501) of the stool samples were Clostridium spp. positive, followed by 22.3%(27/121) of the infant formula powder, 19.5%(25/128) of the environmental swab and 11.1%(7/63) of the food samples. The detection rate of Clostridium spp. in mixed feeding group was significantly higher than that of breast-feeding group(χ2=40.833,P<0.01), and 7-12-month-old group was significantly higher than that of 0-6 months group(χ2=27.829,P<0.01). Conclusion There was a high exposure level of Clostridium spp. in food and environment in infant population in some parts of China.