农地确权是否扩大了信贷可得性的贫富差距

Does Land Registration expand the Gap between the Rich and the Poor in Credit Availability?

确权在整体上增加了农户的信贷机会,但在农户之间这种机会并不是均匀分布的。通过理论分析本文认为,对低收入农户来说,确权因强化了土地"禀赋效应"而只能有限地提高信贷可得性。对经营能力强的高收入农户而言,确权可通过土地"安全效应"而较大程度提高信贷可得性。本文利用河南省农户问卷调查数据和倾向得分匹配法进行的实证分析发现:确权之前,高收入农户的信贷可得性比低收入农户高46.03%;确权之后,高收入农户信贷可得性是低收入农户的106.88%,两者信贷可得性的差距增加了一倍多。通过进一步研究发现,农地确权之所以扩大了不同收入农户信贷可得性的相对差距,主要是因为农地流转的调节效应。

Farmland registration has increased the credit opportunities of farmers as a whole,but the increase is not evenly distributed among farmers.The theoretical analysis of this paper shows that for low-income farmers,land registration is limited to increase the credit availability due to the strengthening of the "endowment effect" of land.For high-income farmers with strong operational capabilities,land registration can greatly improve the credit availability through the "security effect" of land.Using the questionnaire survey data of Henan farmers and the method of Propensity Score Matching,the empirical analysis showed that the credit availability of high-income farmers was 46.03% higher than that of low-income farmers before land registration.After the land registration,the credit availability of high-income farmers was 106.88% higher than that of low-income farmers.The gap in credit availability for high-income and low-income farmers has more than doubled.Further research found that the land registration expanded the relative gap in the availability of credit for farmers with different incomes,mainly because of themoderating effect of farmland transfer.The policy suggestions implied in the research conclusion are as follows: to avoid low-income people from reducing their credit availability due to land registration.On the one hand,it is necessary to strengthen the skills training of low-income farmers in order to reduce their dependence on land.On the other hand,the contracting relationship needs to be further stabilized to enhance the property rights of farmers in the contracted land and alleviate their concerns about the risk of losing land.