偏置追尾事故车辆运动学参数仿真研究

Simulation and Analysis of Kinematic Parameters of Vehicle Offset and Rear-end Collision Accident

为了深度研究追尾事故车辆的运动行为,在PC-Crash仿真环境下建立车辆追尾事故模型,考虑相对碰撞速度、偏置度和追尾车辆碰撞前减速度、车轮转角等变量,获得车辆的加速度、横摆角和横摆角速度等运动学参数。研究结果表明:偏置度为20%时,追尾车辆和被追尾车辆的横摆角最大,易诱发侧翻或碰撞固定物等二次事故;两车相对碰撞速度越大,追尾车辆和被追尾车辆的最大加速度越大而碰撞持续时间越短。研究结果可为驾驶人的行为决策、事故再现以及车辆的安全设计提供理论依据和数据支撑。

In order to deeply study the motion behavior of vehicles in the rear-end collision, a vehicle rear end collision accident model is established in the PC-Crash simulation environment. Considering with the relative velocity, offset, speed of the rear-end vehicle and wheel angle, the acceleration, yaw angle and yaw rate of the vehicle are obtained. The research results show that when the bias degree is 20%, the yaw angles of the rear-end vehicle and rear tracked vehicle is the biggest, and is easy to induce the secondary accidents such as rollover and fixtures crash. The larger the relative collision speed of the two vehicles is, the greater the acceleration and the shorter the duration of collision are. The research results can provide theoretical basis and data support for the driver’s behavior decision-making, accident reconstruction and vehicle safety design.