依法治校视角下导师研究生纠纷:类型、特点及解决路径建构

Supervisor-Postgraduate Disputes from Perspective of School Administrations by Law: Types, Characteristics and Solution Path Construction

在依法治校视角下,以是否关涉学术判断以及权利义务类型为界,导师研究生纠纷包括学术性纠纷与非学术性纠纷两大类共四种纠纷。其在纠纷属性、侵权方式、救济渠道等方面具有明显特点。梳理现有的解纷体系发现,在理念层面缺乏清晰界定,在体系层面缺乏系统建构,在执行层面缺乏细化处理。因此,应科学界定导师与研究生的法律关系,以学术自治审视导师研究生关系的特殊性,依托"学校-导师与研究生-社会"等三类主体,建构从以"严控导师与研究生双方资格准入"为主的预防机制,到以"出台权威的指导性意见和参考案例"为主的规则机制,再到以"多元主体参与的多元化纠纷机制"为主的救济机制的完整的纵向联动机制链条。

From the perspective of administrating schools by law, according to whether it is related to academic judgment and the types of rights and obligations, the supervisor-postgraduate disputes can be divided into four types, which have obvious characteristics in dispute attributes, tort ways, relief channels and so on. Combing the existing system of dispute resolution, it is found that the unclear concept, imperfect management system and the vague execution are main challenge elements. Therefore, we propose defining the legal relationship between supervisors and postgraduates and analyzing the particularity of the relationship between them through academic autonomy. Some proposals are raised: to rely on "university-supervisor and postgraduate-society", to build up systematically the prevention mechanism from strictly controlling the qualification access of both supervisors and graduate students, and to complete the relief mechanism by perfecting vertical linkage mechanism chain.