聚吡咯及其纳米复合材料在光热治疗领域的应用

Polypyrrole and Its Nanocomposites Applied in Photothermal Therapy

光热治疗是近年来兴起的一种治疗方法,具有靶向性强、适应性广的特点。在光热治疗中,通过光热剂对光的吸收将光能转化为热能,从而实现治疗作用,因而光热剂的光热转化性能直接决定了光热治疗的效果。光热剂的种类丰富,涵盖由无机到有机等组成和性能各异的多种材料。其中,聚吡咯具备良好的生物相容性、优异的光稳定性以及光热转化性能,在光热治疗领域受到广泛关注,是一种拥有巨大应用潜力的光热剂,然而其在光热治疗领域的发展趋势及前景却鲜有报道。本文综述了聚吡咯及其纳米复合材料的制备方法,详述了聚吡咯及其纳米复合材料在光热治疗领域中的应用情况,包括聚吡咯基纳米材料的自身性能和实际光热治疗的效果,指出以聚吡咯为基体或修饰材料来制备具有CT、磁共振、光声显影及光热治疗性能的聚吡咯基复合材料已成为发展趋势。在此基础上,本文还总结了聚吡咯基纳米复合材料在制备和应用中存在的问题,并分析了其在发展过程中遇到的挑战以及在生物医学应用中的前景。

Photothermal therapy is a new emerging treatment method in recent years,which has the characteristics of strong targeting and wide adaptability.In photothermal therapy,light energy is converted into heat energy through the absorption of light by photothermal agents,thus realizing the therapeutic effect.Therefore,the photothermal conversion performance of photothermal agents directly determines the effect of photothermal therapy.There are many kinds of photothermal agents,which cover a variety of materials with different compositions and properties from inorganic to organic.Among them,polypyrrole has good biocompatibility,excellent photostability and photothermal conversion performance,which is a photothermal agent with great application potential and has attracted wide attention in the field of photothermal therapy.However,its development trend and prospects in the field of photothermal therapy are rarely reported.In this paper,the preparation methods of polypyrrole and its nanocomposites are reviewed,and the applications of polypyrrole and its nanocomposites in the field of photothermal therapy are described in detail,including the properties of polypyrrole-based nanomaterials and the effect of photothermal treatment.It is pointed out that polypyrrole matrix composites with CT,magnetic resonance imaging,photoacoustic imaging and photothermal properties have become the corresponding development trend.On this basis,the problems in the preparation and application of polypyrrole-based nanocomposites are revealed,then the challenges encountered in the development process and the prospects for biomedical applications are analyzed.