大数据支持的武汉市功能识别与分布特征研究

Research on function identification and distribution characteristics of Wuhan supported by big data

针对如何识别城市功能布局与分析及其分布特征等问题,该文借助大数据技术,对武汉市中心城区的城市功能与分布特征进行了识别和分析。使用POI数据作为城市功能点并进行重分类,并选取公众认知度和一般面积作为影响因子,通过权重赋值与核密度分析的方法,进行点与面的拓扑分析,最终得到武汉中心城区的城市功能分区与城市功能分布。通过与武汉市城市规划图和高精度遥感图像以及现有地图的对比和部分实地调查后发现,使用这种方法得到的城市功能分区的正确率达83%,是一种较为准确地进行城市功能分区与研究城市功能分布的办法。通过对武汉市功能分布特征的研究,我们发现:武汉呈现多中心发展模式;住宅功能和公共服务功能分布十分广泛;武汉各种城市功能在空间上有着较大的重叠。

For the problems of how to identify the layout of urban function and analyzing its characteristics. This paper uses the big data technology to distinguish and analyze the function of Wuhan. POI data was used as city function points and reclassified,and public awareness and general area were selected as impact factors. Through the method of weight assignment and kernel density,the topological analysis of points and planes is carried out,and finally we get the urban functional zoning and urban function distribution of the central city of Wuhan. After comparing with the urban planning map and high-precision remote sensing image of Wuhan City and the existing maps,and some field survey,it is found that the correct rate of urban functional partitions obtained by this method reaches 83%. It is an accurate method to carry out urban functional zoning and study urban function distribution. Through the study of the functional distribution characteristics of Wuhan City,it is found that:There is a multi-center development model in Wuhan;There is a wide range of residential functions and public service functions;The various urban functions in Wuhan have a great overlap in space.