四君子汤中总多糖、总黄酮和总皂苷提取工艺优化

Optimization of Extraction Process of Total Polysaccharide,Total Flavonoids and Total Saponins from Sijunzi Decoction

目的建立四君子汤中总多糖、总黄酮和总皂苷的含量测定方法,并优选其最佳提取工艺。方法以D-葡萄糖为对照品,采用苯酚-浓硫酸比色法测定四君子汤中总多糖的含量;以芦丁为对照品,采用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠比色法测定四君子汤中总黄酮的含量;以甘草酸为对照品,采用1%香草醛乙酸-高氯酸比色法测定四君子汤中总皂苷的含量。分别以总多糖、总黄酮和总皂苷含量为指标,采用单因素实验及正交试验法优选四君子汤中总多糖、总黄酮及总皂苷的最佳提取工艺。结果总多糖的最佳提取工艺是加8倍量水,煎煮3次,每次60 min,测得总多糖含量为118.79 mg·g^-1;总黄酮的最佳提取工艺是加水量为10倍,煎煮时间为60 min,煎煮次数为1次,测得总黄酮含量为18.04 mg·g^-1;总皂苷的最佳提取工艺是加水量为12倍,煎煮时间为45 min,煎煮次数为4次,测得总皂苷含量为11.02 mg·g^-1。结论采用紫外分光光度法测定四君子汤中总多糖、总黄酮和总皂苷的含量,简便易行、准确可靠。优选出的最佳提取工艺稳定可行,为四君子汤的质量评价提供科学依据。

Objective To establish a method for the determination of total polysaccharides,total flavonoids and total saponins in Sijunzi Decoction and to optimize its extraction process.Methods Using D-glucose as reference substance,the content of total polysaccharide in Sijunzi Decoction was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetry.Using rutin as reference substance,the content of total flavonoids in Sijunzi Decoction was determined by sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate-sodium hydroxide colorimetry.Glycyrrhizic acid was used as control,and the content of total saponins in Sijunzi Decoction was determined by 1%vanillin acetic acid-perchloric acid colorimetry.Taking the contents of total polysaccharides,total flavonoids and total saponins as indexes,the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were used to optimize the optimal extraction process of total polysaccharides,total flavonoids and total saponins in Sijunzi Decoction.Results The best extraction process of total polysaccharide was to add 8 times of water,decoct for 3 times,60 min each time,and the total polysaccharide content was 118.79 mg/g.The best extraction process of total flavonoids was 10 times the amount of water added,60 min of decocting time and 1 time of decocting,and the content of total flavonoids was 18.04 mg/g.The best extraction process of total saponins was to add 12 times of water,the decocting time was 45 min,and the decocting times were 4 times.The content of total saponins was 11.02 mg/g.Conclusion Determination of total polysaccharide,total flavonoids and total saponins in Sijunzi Decoction by UV spectrophotometry is simple,convenient,accurate and reliable.The optimized extraction process is stable and feasible,providing scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Sijunzi Decoction.