机车牵引电机振动测试及数据分析

The vibration test and data analysis of locomotive traction motor

为了深入地了解机车牵引电机在线运行中所受到的冲击和振动负荷规律,对发生螺栓故障的某型机车开展了机车牵引电机冲击与振动及螺栓应变在线测试,对测得的振动加速度数据进行了筛选并统计出冲击响应峰值和响应时间,对冲击响应归纳冲击响应谱并进行对比分析。通过对比分析可知螺栓所承受的载荷较大。同时,对螺栓上的应变进行分析,进一步验证了螺栓受到较大冲击和螺栓强度偏低是造成螺栓断裂的关键性因素。实测数据的振动量级与GB/T 21563标准值的对比结果显示,牵引电机振动量级与标准值存在差异,垂向和纵向实测值大于标准值,而横向实测值小于标准值。

In order to thoroughly understand the shock and vibration load rules of the locomotive traction motor during online operation,a real-time test of the locomotive traction motor shock and vibration is performed on the running line of the locomotive with bolt failure,and the measured vibration acceleration data is screened.The shock response peak and response duration are calculated and the shock response spectrum is calculated.Based on comparative analysis,it shows that the load on the bolt is large.through the analysis of the strain on the bolt,it is further verified that the key factors of bolt fracture are the large shock on the bolt and the low strength of the bolt.The vibration magnitude of the measured data is calculated and compared with the standard value of GB/T 21563.The results show that there is a difference between the vibration magnitude of the traction motor and the standard value.The measured values in the vertical and longitudinal directions are greater than the standard value and the measured values in the lateral direction are smaller than the standard value.