城市潮汐车道优化设计的双层规划模型

Bi-level programming model for optimization design of tidal lane

针对周期性某时段路段通行能力不均衡所导致的单向拥堵问题,分析了潮汐车道的设置条件与方向分布系数。在此基础上,从路网系统的角度出发,建立潮汐车道设置方案的双层规划模型,上层模型用于路网车道分配,以系统总延误及潮汐车道交通流优化比的和最优为目标,下层模型为路径选择行为符合Wardrop用户平衡准则的用户均衡分配模型。基于遗传算法和Frank-Wolfe算法进行算例分析,并将优化前、后的方向分布系数与路段饱和度进行对比,结果表明:该模型可合理缓解潮汐交通现象,降低路网系统总延误。

In order to solve the unidirectional traffic congestion due to uneven road traffic capacity,The tidal lane setting conditions and coefficient of direction uniformity were analyzed. The tidal lane of bi-level programming model is established from the perspective of network system. In the model,the upper-level is applied to optimize the sum of the system delay and tidal lane utilization ratio,and the lower-level is designed by user equilibrium allocation model whose path selection behavior conforms to the Wardrop principle. The iterative algorithm integrating a genetic algorithm and a Frank-Wolfe algorithm is used to solve the lower and upper models. A case study is implemented to test the efficiency of the model,the coefficient of direction uniformity and road saturation before and after optimization are compared. The results show that the model can reasonably alleviate the phenomenon of tidal traffic and reduce the total delay of the road network system.