基于改进粒子群算法的喷水推进泵叶片优化设计

Optimization design of water jet propulsion pump blade based on improved PSO algorithm

为了改进喷水推进泵的敞水性能,利用改进粒子群优化算法优化其转子叶片.结合改进粒子群优化算法与数值仿真技术,以升阻比和压力分布为优化目标,对翼型NACA-6510进行优化.结果表明:经优化,翼型升阻比提高14.7%,压力分布中最低压力提高20%,有效地抑制了空化的发生.将优化翼型应用于喷水推进泵的水力模型设计,不改变翼型的位置,对其性能进行分析,发现其推力提高2.55%,效率提升6.38%;结合对扭矩系数和轴功率的分析,优化后喷水推进泵性能明显改善.经优化,喷水推进泵流场中叶片压力脉动明显改善,叶片最低压力值提高,延迟了空化的发生;分析叶片载荷分布,以及推力和扭矩的频域分布,发现叶片的优化未改变其基频,幅值变化与喷水推进泵的外特性参数相对应.上述优化设计有效改善了喷水推进泵的性能.

In order to improve the open water performance of water jet propulsion pump,the improved particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm was used to optimize its rotor blades.The optimization algorithm combined with numerical simulation technology was applied to optimize hydrofoil NACA-6510 with the lift-drag ratio and pressure distribution as optimization objectives.The results show that the lift-drag ratio increases by 14.7%and the minimum value of hydrofoil pressure distribution increases by 20%after optimization,effectively inhibiting the occurrence of cavitation.The optimized hydrofoil was applied to the hydraulic model design of water jet propulsion pump without hydrofoil position changed,and the performance was analyzed.The thrust and efficiency of the pump increases by 2.55%and 6.38%respectively.Combined with the analysis of torque coefficient and shaft power,the performance of water jet propulsion pump is improved obviously after optimization.The pressure pulsation of the optimized blade in the flow field is significantly improved,and the minimum pressure value of the blade is increased,which delays the occurrence of cavitation.Based on the blade load distribution,and the frequency distribution of thrust and torque,it is found that the blade optimization does not change the fundamental frequency,and the amplitude change corresponds to the external characteristic parameters of the water jet propulsion pump.From all aspects,the performance of the optimized water jet propulsion pump is effectively improved.