包容性金融发展、农村劳动力转移与减贫效应

Inclusive Financial Development, Rural Labour Transfer and Poverty Reduction Effect

本文采用2006—2018年全国31个省份的面板数据,基于农村劳动力转移这一传导机制,运用固定效应模型分析了包容性金融发展的减贫效应。研究发现:(1)包容性金融发展不仅能够直接降低农村贫困水平,而且通过农村劳动力转移的中介效应间接降低农村贫困水平。(2)从包容性金融发展具体维度来看,金融渗透度、金融可获得性、金融使用效用性和金融承担度的提升能够降低农村贫困水平,且金融渗透度对农村贫困水平的影响最大,金融使用效用性、金融可获得性和金融承担度对农村贫困水平的影响依次减弱。(3)从区域角度来看,无论东部地区还是中西部地区,包容性金融发展都能够显著降低农村贫困水平,且在东部地区存在以农村劳动力转移为中介变量的不完全中介效应,但在中西部地区以农村劳动力转移为中介变量的中介效应并不显著。本文以农村劳动力转移为传导机制的研究为包容性金融发展的减贫效应提供了一个新的研究视角。

This paper uses panel data from 31 provinces across the country from 2006 to 2018.Based on the transmission mechanism of rural labor transfer,a fixed effect model is used to analyze the poverty reduction effect of inclusive financial development.The study found that:(1)Inclusive financial development can not only directly reduce the level of rural poverty,but also indirectly reduce the level of rural poverty through the intermediary effect of rural labor transfer.(2)From the specific dimensions of inclusive financial development,the increase in financial penetration,financial availability,financial utility,and financial commitment can reduce rural poverty levels,and financial penetration has the greatest impact on rural poverty levels.The effects of financial utility,financial availability and financial commitment on rural poverty levels have weakened in turn.(3)From a regional perspective,inclusive financial development can significantly reduce rural poverty levels in both eastern and central and western regions,and there is an incomplete mediation effect in the eastern region that uses rural labor transfer as an intermediary variable.The intermediary effect of rural labor transfer as the intermediary variable in the western region is not significant.In this paper,the research on rural labor transfer as a transmission mechanism provides a new research perspective for the poverty reduction effect of inclusive financial development.