与死亡和解的殊途同归——作家托尔斯泰与哲学家海德格尔的一次思想互文

Reach the Same Goal by Different Means While Reconciliation with Death——A Thought Intertextuality between Writer Tolstoy and Philosopher Heidegger

跨越近半个世纪,海德格尔与托尔斯泰分别以哲学著作与小说故事的形式,在《存在与时间》和《伊凡·伊里奇之死》中,完成了一次死亡主题的伟大思想互文。基于对“沉沦”式的社会生活、自我生存状态的共同警觉,对“常人”在死亡面前闪避行为的观察和面对死亡绽露出的生命的虚无,两位大家都选择了直面死亡,在对死亡的思考中,有了对死亡特性的相似认识,并由此把握到了死亡对于找寻生命意义的关键性,达成了与死亡的和解。

Spanning nearly half a century,Heidegger and Tolstoy,with the form of philosophical works and novel stories respectively,completed a great thought intertextuality on the subject of death in their works Being and Time and The Death of Ivan Ilyich.Based on the common vigilance of"sinking"social life and self-existence,the observation of"ordinary people"'s evasive behavior in the face of death and the nihility of life exposed in the face of death,both of them chose to confront death.In the thinking of death,they had the similar understanding of the characteristics of death,and thus seized the key of death for finding life meaning,reached a reconciliation with death.