仿生矿化与硬组织修复

Biomimetic Mineralization and Hard Tissue Repair

生物矿化(Biomineralization)是生物硬组织(软体动物的外壳,脊椎动物的骨和牙等)形成的重要环节,是生物体调控矿物沉积,并利用矿物增强硬组织机能的重要生物策略。生物矿化所形成的生物矿物具有多级有序的结构、优异的机械性能和重要的生理功能,启发了有机-无机复合生物材料的设计和仿生矿化制备,为体内外硬组织修复提供研究思路和奠定材料基础。本文主要综述了生物矿化的基本原理和主要生物矿物,矿物结晶原理和新认识,与硬组织修复密切相关的胶原矿化机制和最新进展,硬组织材料的多级结构特征,以及仿生矿化在硬组织修复中的前沿进展。

Biomineralization is an importance process of hard tissues(such as mollusks shells,and vertebrates bones and teeth)formation,by which the precipitation of minerals are controlled in biological systems to enhance hard tissues functions.Its products,biominerals,have hierarchically ordered structures,super mechanical properties,and many important physiological functions.This inspired the designs and fabrications of organic-inorganic hybrid biomaterials for hard tissue repair via biomimetic mineralization(in vitro and in vivo).This review mainly summarizes the fundamental principles of biomineralization and the main biominerals,the principles and new findings of crystallization pathways,the mechanisms and recent advances in collagen mineralization that closely related to hard tissues repair,the hierarchical structures of hard tissues,and recent break-through of hard tissue repair via biomimetic mineralization and their perspectives.