远程智慧医疗防控慢性病管理政策和措施的建议

Suggestions on Policies and Measures for Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases in Tele-Intelligent Medical Care

随着人口老龄化和人民生活方式的改变,人类的疾病谱正在悄然发生变化,传统的感染性疾病正在减少,慢性病成为危害人类健康的重要公共卫生问题,据统计,20世纪90年代末以慢性病为主的疾病死亡数占总死亡人数的70%。本文通过文献检索法、专家咨询法等回顾慢性病发病危害,探讨慢性病发病的危险因素,结合我国基础卫生服务背景分析我国慢性病基层防控体系出现的问题,包括居民健康素养亟待提高,健康意识不强、医疗资源配置问题、老年人患慢性病比例较高问题、健康管理人才培养问题特别是健康管理与智慧医疗复合型人才稀缺问题。阐述了远程智慧医疗的功能及作用,总结了智慧医疗相比传统医疗的优势,例如老人居家监控服务、多渠道提取信息和智慧医疗丰富的应用场景,包括智慧药店、线上咨询问诊、居家养老、电子健康档案管理使用。综合各方观点,为有关部门提出我国健康管理发展政策建议和实施措施以供参考。

With the aging of the population and the change of people's lifestyle,the spectrum of human diseases is quietly changing,traditional infectious diseases are decreasing,and chronic diseases have become an important public health problem endangering human health.According to statistics,the number of deaths caused by chronic diseases accounted for 70%of the total in the late 1990s.This article reviews the harm of chronic diseases through literature retrieval and expert consultation,and discusses the risk factors of chronic diseases.Based on the background of basic health services in China,this paper analyzes the problems in the basic prevention and control system of chronic diseases in China,including the urgent need to improve residents'health literacy,weak health awareness,the allocation of medical resources,the high proportion of elderly people suffering from chronic diseases,the cultivation of health management talents,especially the scarcity of composite talents in health management and intelligent medical care.This paper expounds the functions of remote intelligent medical treatment,and sums up the advantages of intelligent medical treatment over traditional medical treatment.For example,home monitoring services for the elderly,peoplecentered,multi-channel information extraction and rich application scenarios of smart medicine,including smart pharmacies,online consultation and consultation,home care,and the use of electronic health records management.Based on the viewpoints of all parties,this paper puts forward policy suggestions and implementation measures for health management development in China for reference.