轿车追尾货车预防措施研究

Study on Preventive Measures of Traffic Accident Caused by Rear-end Collision between car and Truck

随着道路状况的改善和汽车行业的飞速发展,汽车已经成为人们的日常生活中伴侣,为出行提供了便利,然而全球每年的交通事故数量呈快速增长趋势,汽车交通事故已经严重威胁到人类生命与财产的安全。在汽车碰撞中,追尾碰撞是交通事故中常见的一种典型碰撞形态,其中轿车追尾碰撞重型货车往往会造成严重的后果。因现有的重型货车后下部防护装置依然存在安全隐患,轿车追尾碰撞重型货车极易钻入到货车后下部。结合目前追尾事故的普遍成因,文章通过对一起典型的轿车追尾碰撞货车实例进行分析,提出了货车尾部正确设置信号装置、轿车与货车保持安全行车距离和合理设计货车后下部防护装置三种预防措施,从而提高轿车与货车追尾碰撞的主动安全性和碰撞后的被动安全性。

With the improvement of road conditions and the rapid development of the automotive industry, automobiles have entered people’s daily life and facilitated travel. However, the number of traffic accidents worldwide is increasing rapidly every year,and the number of deaths is also increasing. Accidents have become one of the social hazards that threaten the safety of human life.In automobiles collisions, the highest probability is the front and rear collisions. Rear-end collisions are a typical collision pattern in traffic accidents. Among them, rear-end collisions between cars and heavy-duty trucks often cause serious consequences. There are still hidden safety hazards in the existing rear underrun protection device for heavy goods vehicles. A rear collision of a car with a heavy goods vehicle can easily penetrate the underrun of the rear of the goods vehicle, causing injuries and deaths in the car. In combination with the current common causes of rear collision accidents, this paper analyzed an example of rear-end collision of a car with a truck, and put forward three preventive measures as follows: correctly setting the signal device at the rear of the truck, maintaining a safe driving distance between the car and the truck, and properly designing the rear underrun protection device of the truck,to improve the active safety of the rear-end collision between the car and the truck and the passive safety after the collision.