无氟防酸透湿复合织物的制备及其性能

Preparation of fluorine-free acid-proof and moisture permeable composite fabric and its properties

为开发环境友好的无氟防酸透湿材料,使用沥青和苯乙烯丁二烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)为原料,利用静电纺丝技术制备沥青/SBS纳米纤维并沉积于基材织物表面,制备出无氟防酸透湿复合织物。探索了球磨处理前后的沥青及沥青含量对复合织物的表面形貌、分子结构、防酸性能、透湿性能、机械强力的影响。结果表明:复合织物表面均呈现微纳米多级结构。红外测试结果表明:球磨处理后的沥青中侧链长链烷烃数量比未球磨沥青中的多,球磨沥青/SBS复合织物的防酸透湿性能优于未球磨沥青/SBS复合织物。沥青与SBS的质量比为4∶4时,复合织物具有最优的防酸性能,其对质量分数80%硫酸的静态接触角可达133°,透湿量为14127.39 g/(m^2·24 h),透气率为81.75 mm/s,顶破强力为744 N,撕裂强力为14.82 N,拉伸断裂强力为1097 N。

In order to development an environment-friendly fluorine-free acid-proof and breathable materials,pitch and styrene butadiene styrene triblock copolymer(SBS)were chosen as raw material to prepare a new type of acid-proof and breathable fabric.The Pitch/SBS nanofibers were deposited on pristine fabric to prepare the composite fabric by electrospinning and the effect of ball-milling pitch process and content of pitch on acid-proof,molecular structure,moisture permeability and mechanical performance of composite fabric were explored.The results showed that the surface of composite fabrics was micro-nano structured,the acid-proof and breathable properties of ball milling one was better than origin one.IR results showed that the number of alkanes in polycyclic aromatic side chain was increased.When the quality ratio of pitch and SBS reached to 4∶4,contact angle(80%H2SO4)of the composite fabric reached to 133°while the water vapor transmission rate reached to 14127.39 g/(m^2·24 h),air permeability up to 81.75 mm/s.The bursting strength,tearing strength and tensile strength of composite fabric was 744 N,14.82 N and 1097 N,respectively.