超越还原主义环境司法观

Beyond Reductionism in Environmental Justice

当前,以设立环保法庭为中心的环境司法专门化实践正如火如荼展开,但也充满乱象。原因在于,现行环境司法理论仍受到传统还原主义司法观的影响,以行政区划作为司法管辖的地域基础,以公私法划分作为案例受理的分类基础,从而使得环境司法难以摆脱诉讼主客场,并可能造成环境案件难以得到妥善审理。基于环境问题特有的时空维度,环境司法专门化的建构必须实现生态理性、社会理性和法律理性的契合,从科学层面考察环境案件的形成机理,从社会层面考察社会结构对环境司法的影响,从法律层面考察司法本身的运作逻辑。环境司法专门化需循此理念,实行跨行政区划管辖,并建立针对同一行为触发不同责任时的程序整合和协调机制。

At present,the practice of environmental judicial specialization is developing rapidly, but it is also full of chaos. The reason lies that current environmental judicial theory is still affected by the traditional reductionist view of justice, with administrative divisions as the regional basis of jurisdiction,and public-and-private-law distinction as the classification basis for cases, which makes it difficult for environmental justice to get rid of the local protectionism and to hear environmental cases properly. Based on the unique time-space dimension of environmental problems, the construction of environmental judicial specialization shall realize the harmonization of ecological rationality, social rationality and legal rationality, examining the formation mechanism of environmental problems from the scientific level, the impact of social structure on environmental justice from the social level,as well as the operation logic of environmental justice from the legal level. As a result, environmental judicial specialization shall adopt a cross-regional jurisdiction, and establish an integrated and coordinated procedure to solve the disputes triggered by same behaviors.