论齐地的特殊政治地位——以齐地在楚汉战争和汉初政局中的作用为例

On the Special Political Status of Qi Area--A case study of the role of Qi area in the Chu-Han Contention and the political situation in the early Han dynasty

齐地在楚汉相争和西汉初年的政治格局中始终扮演着左右天下格局的"第三方"政治角色。田荣于齐地反楚,打破项羽所主持分封的政治秩序;韩信夺取齐地,加速汉方在楚汉战争中的胜利;刘肥一脉的同姓齐国与汉初功臣集团联合平定诸吕,巩固刘氏江山;七国之乱时齐地诸国的临时反复,使得吴楚叛军失去强援,汉中央得以顺利平叛。这一现象绝不是偶然产生,而是有着深刻的社会和历史根源,如齐地繁荣的经济条件、左右逢源的政治传统、丰富的人才储备等。另一方面,齐地在政治上的特殊性其实也是秦末汉初时期处理诸侯王国问题的一种表现形式。

In the Chu-Han Contention and the political situation in the early Han dynasty,Qi state always served as a.political“third party”which contolled the pattem of the world.For example,Tian Rong rebelld against Chu in Qi,breaking the political order set by Xiang Yu;Han Xin won the Qi state,accelerating the victory of the Han in the Chu-Han Contention;Liu Fei,King of Qi,jointly suppressed Lv's family with the group of meritorious fficials in the early Han dynasty,consolidaing the rule of Liu's family;during the Rebellion of the Seven States,the temporary repetition of those states in Qi area deprived the Wu and Chu rebels of strong aid,helping Han successfully put down the rellin.This phenomenon is by no means accidental,but has profound social and historical roots,such as the prosperous economy,political traditions of maintaining good relations with any party,rich talent reserves and so on.On the other hand,the political particularity of Qi area is also a form of expression of dealing with kingdoms problems in the late Qin and early Han dynasty.