网络空间下避风港原则的完善与网络服务提供者责任分类

On the Improvement of the Principle of Safe Harbor and the Classified Responsibility of the Network Service Provider in Cyberspace

避风港原则自引入中国至今已经从信息网络传播权保护逐步扩展至民事权益领域,在实践中,由于信息网络技术的发展催生出越来越多的新型网络服务提供者,导致避风港原则在我国司法实践中出现了适用主体的滥用以及适用权利内容的泛化相关问题。而"云计算案"与"微信小程序案"正代表了司法实践中对这一异化窘境的突破,以此为线索,我国的避风港规定若要更好地发挥权利保护与产业支持功能,应当在"通知—删除"规则之外加入"通知—转通知"义务,区分"删除""转通知""自审核"三种义务类型,并根据网络服务提供者的服务类型所处层次与差异施加不同的行为义务。

Since its introduction into China,the principle of safe harbor has gradually expanded from the protection of the right of information network communication to the field of civil rights and interests.Due to the development of information network technology,more and more new network service providers have emerged,leading to the abuse in applying subjects and the generalization of applying rights in China’s justice.The cloud computing case and the wechat small program case represent the breakthrough of this alienation dilemma in justice.Taking the two cases as a clue,in order to better play the function of rights protection and industrial support,China’s safe harbor provisions should add the"notice and transfer notice"obligation in addition to the"notice to delete"rule,and distinguish three types of obligations:"delete","transfer notice"and"self audit"According to the level and difference of service type of network service provider,