竞争内源性RNA在结直肠癌中的研究现状及展望

Current status and progress of competing endogenous RNA in colorectal cancer research

竞争内源性RNA(ceRNAs)是基于共享微小RNA(miRNA,miR)反应元件构建的转录调控体系,长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)、环状RNA(circRNAs)及假基因均被证明可作为ceRNAs参与ceRNA网络的构建,上述ncRNAs可竞争结合miRNA,影响靶基因的翻译或稳定性,从而实现转录水平的基因调节。结肠直肠癌(CRC)是全球第三常见及第二位肿瘤致死疾病,越来越多的证据表明,ceRNAs、miRNAs的异常表达与CRC的发生、发展密切相关。本文综述了lncRNA、circRNA及假基因分别作为ceRNAs在ceRNA网络中同miRNA及mRNA之间的相互作用,并参与CRC增殖、上皮-间充质转化(EMT)、迁移、侵袭及放化疗抵抗等过程,以更好地了解ceRNA网络在CRC发病机制中的作用。讨论了目前关于ceRNA研究的不足及其作为CRC治疗靶点的可能性。

Competing endogenous RNAs(ceRNAs)are transcripts that can regulate each other at post-transcription level by competing for shared microRNAs(miRNAs,miR)with same miRNA response elements.CeRNA networks link the function of protein-coding mRNAs with that of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)such as microRNA(miRNA),long non-coding RNA(lncRNA),pseudogenic RNA and circular RNA(circRNA).Colorectal cancer(CRC)is known as the third most common and fourth leading cancer death worldwide.Increasing evidence showed the close correlations among aberrant expression of ceRNAs,miRNAs and the occurrence,development of CRC.In this review,in order to better understand the roles of ceRNA networdin the pathogenesis of CRC,we introduce the interactions of lncRNA,circRNA and pseudogene as ceRNAs with miRNA and mRNA in the ceRNA network respectively,and their involvement in cell proliferation,invasion,migration and chemoradiotherapy resistance.At last,we discuss the limitations of current study on the ceRNA network and the possibilities of ceRNAs as therapeutic targets in CRC.