基于实际作业工况的电动拖拉机传动系统参数多指标同步优化

Multi-objective Optimization of the Transmission System Parameters of Electric Tractors Based on Actual Conditions

针对电动拖拉机实际作业特点,分析其动力传动系统参数匹配计算方法,提出20 kW电动拖拉机两挡动力传递方案.以同步提升电动拖拉机动力性和经济性为目标,定义了电动拖拉机旋耕最大速度、连续犁耕作业时间、连续旋耕作业时间3个性能指标,建立基于权重系数的多指标同步优化目标函数.以20 kW电动拖拉机为研究对象,对其传动系统参数进行多指标同步优化,并对优化方案下的电动拖拉机动力电池及电机动态性能进行仿真分析.结果说明了本文提出的20 kW电动拖拉机两挡动力传递方案的可行性,同时表明本文提出的基于电动拖拉机实际作业工况的传动系统参数多指标同步优化策略的有效性.

Based on the working conditions of the electric tractor,the parameters calculation method of the transmission system is analyzed,and a novel two-gear transmission for 20 kW electric tractors is proposed.To increase the power and improve economic efficiency of the electric tractor synchronously,three indicators are defined:the maximum velocity for rotating plough,continuous normal ploughing time and continuous rotating ploughing time.A multi-objective optimization function with the three weight factors is then proposed.Using the 20 kW electric tractor as the research subject,the parameters of the transmission system are optimized for multi-objective optimization functions.The dynamic performance of the battery and motor for the optimal transmission parameters are analyzed through simulation.The results show that,for the 20 kW electric tractor,the new two-gear transmission scheme is feasible and the proposed multi-objective synchronous optimization strategy for the transmission parameters is effective.