全球人类表型组专利技术的发展与启示

Development of Patented Technology on Global Human Phenome and Enlightenment

"人类表型组"是近年的新兴研究,该研究是现今健康话题"精准医疗"的理论支撑。为了清晰了解"人类表型组"技术现状,本文对"人类表型组"专利进行系统梳理、深度挖掘,重点借助Innography专利挖掘与数据分析平台,从专利概览认知(包括公开申请数量、IPC分类、国家分布、全球竞争态势分析指标)和专利深度剖析(包括核心专利和技术功效)两大维度进行技术信息分析,并结合专家咨询描制该领域的技术组成。研究发现,"人类表型组"技术整体呈上升发展态势;美国是该领域主导国;强生、罗氏等国际知名企业处于行业领军地位;目前研究重点集中在分子、细胞的微观表型方面,未来研究热点为组织器官、环境的宏观表型研究,相应地,计算、智能等技术的渗透将与分子检测、细胞培养、物理化学等技术结合,协同实现精准医疗。最后,从建立统一技术体系和数据标准、构建生物伦理安全体系、发现生态环境与表型关系研究三方面阐述得到的启示。

Human Phenome is an emerging research in recent years,and it is the theoretical support for Precision Medicine which is a topic of high current interest.Systematic research of patents associated with the human phenome can help understand the technology status.Based on the Innography patent platform,this paper studies the technologies from two dimensions:(Ⅰ)an overview of patents(the public application numbers,IPC,country distribution,global competition),and(Ⅱ)an in-depth analysis of patent data(core patents and technical efficacy).Combining the researcher’s consultation with inductive method,the technical composition has been analyzed.Through above study,it shows that the technological development is on the rise over the time;the United States leads the field,with Johnson&Johnson,Roche and other well-known international enterprises in the leading position within the industry;the research currently focused on molecular and cellular phenotype studies and the future trend will focus on the macro-phenotype studies,such as tissues,organs and environment;correspondingly,computation(advanced algorithms,deep learning),artificial intelligence,molecular detection,cell culture,physical chemistry and so on,all these technologies will combine together to help achieve precision medicine.Finally,from the perspectives of establishment of unified technical system and data standards,the construction of bioethical security system,the relationship between ecological environment and phenotype,enlightenment has been clarified.