网约车对交通拥堵的影响--基于复杂系统视角

The Influence of Ride-hailing on Traffic Congestion--Based on Complex System Theory Perspective

网约车已经成为乘客出行备选的交通工具之一,但网约车的兴起是否加重了交通拥堵一直是讨论的热点。本文在调研乘客个体属性、行为特征的基础上,探索有无私家车乘客出行决策过程的内部机理,揭示乘客群体行为的动力机制,然后进行系统仿真,根据不同情境下乘客出行决策的变化判断网约车是否对城市交通拥堵情况产生影响,对现有的相关研究进行补充并提出建议。认为网约车合理定价、明确网约车市场定位,提升服务品质、加强信息宣传力度、合理设置网约车的准入门槛等手段可以为交通运行状况带来正面效应,降低交通拥堵程度。

The ride-hailing services have become one of the alternative modes of transportation for passengers,but whether the rise of the ride-hailing services has increased traffic congestion has been a hot issue.Based on the study of passengers ’individual attributes and behavioral characteristics, this study explores the internal mechanism of the decision process for passengers traveling in private cars,reveals the dynamic mechanism of passenger group behaviors, and then performs system simulation.According to the change of passenger travel decision in different situations, it is judged whether the ride-hailing services affects the urban traffic congestion situation, and complement the existing related research and make recommendations.This paper shows that the appropriate price reduction,clear the positioning of the ride-hailing market,improving service quality,strengthening information publicity,and the reasonable setting of access thresholds for ridehailing can bring positive effects to traffic conditions and reduce traffic congestions.