甲状腺细针穿刺洗脱液中降钙素测定的临床意义

Clinical significance of calcitonin measurement in fine needle aspirate washout fluid

甲状腺髓样癌(Medullary thyroid carcinoma,MTC)是一种起源于甲状腺滤泡旁细胞(C细胞)的恶性肿瘤,其恶性程度高,浸润性强,易转移和复发,预后差。血清降钙素、超声、甲状腺细针穿刺细胞学被用于MTC的诊断,但各自的敏感性均有限,易导致漏诊。近年来发现,对甲状腺细针穿刺洗脱液进行降钙素测定可提高MTC的诊断率,然而临床医师对其并不熟知,结果解读困难。本文对甲状腺细针穿刺洗脱液降钙素测定进行综述,以期提高医师对它的认识,为临床工作提供合理指导及参考。

Medullary thyroid carcinoma(MTC)is a malignant tumor originating from parafollicular cells(C cells)of the thyroid.It is a highly malignant carcinoma which has the characteristics of strong infiltration,easy metastasis,recurrence and poor prognosis.Serum calcitonin,ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology are used for the diagnosis of MTC,but they all have limitations.So MTC is easily misdiagnosed in clinically.In recent years,calcitonin in fine needle aspirate washout fluid(FNA-CT)has been reported.It showed that FNA-CT can significantly improve the sensitivity of MTC diagnosis.However,clinicians are not familiar with it.And the result of FNA-CT is difficult to interpret.This article reviews FNA-CT and improves our understanding of FNA-CT,which could provide guidance and reference for clinical work.