一起诺如病毒疫情中密切接触者感染和环境污染状况调查

Investigation of the Infection of Close Contacts and Environmental Contamination in a Norovirus Outbreak

目的了解诺如病毒疫情中密切接触者感染和环境污染状况。方法在一起诺如病毒疫情中采集患者、密切接触者的肛拭子和其工作生活相关环境的表面涂抹样品,进行实时荧光RT-PCR检测,并对结果进行分析。结果166名密切接触者中有34名感染诺如病毒,感染率为21.6%;其中31名感染者无临床相关症状;21天后所有感染者检测结果才完全转阴。57份环境样本中检出诺如病毒核酸阳性共17份,阳性率为29.8%,厨房和员工宿舍受污染较重。结论诺如病毒感染力强,隐形感染者多,排毒时间长,传播途径多样,容易污染环境。严格控制密切接触者,加强环境清洁消毒,是预防感染和控制疫情的重要措施。

Objective This study aimed to investigate the infection of close contacts and environmental contamination in a norovirus outbreak.Methods In a norovirus outbreak,the samples from anal swabs of patients and close contacts were collected,and the surface coating samples of work and life related environment were also analyzed by real-time RT-PCR detection.Results There were 34 infected with norovirus among 166 close contacts,the infection rate was 21.6%,31 infected patients had no related symptoms.21 days later,the test results of all infected individuals turned negative completely.There were 17 positive norovirus nucleic acid in 57 environmental samples,the positive rate was 29.8%.The kitchen and dormitory were seriously contaminated.Conclusion Norovirus has strong infectivity,many invisible infections,long time of detoxification,various ways of transmission and easy to contaminate the environment.Therefore,to strictly control close contacts and strengthen environmental cleaning and disinfection are important measures to prevent infection and control epidemic situation.