“价值-过程”视角下的公民身份与国家认同构建

Theoretical Thought on the Citizenship and National Identity Building from the View of“Value-Process”

现代化进程中民族认同意识的强化以及与此相关的民族冲突现象频发,促使民族认同与国家认同关系的研究逐渐成为多学科关注的焦点问题。公民身份作为一种包容性的社会纽带,在现代民族国家构建过程中也被赋予积极的功能和作用。基于“价值-过程”的分析视角,公民身份在统一民族认同与国家认同中的作用机制可以概括为“政治价值引导”和“政治过程开放”。“政治价值引导”可以决定国家认同的内容、引导权利构建的方向、调节政治过程的开放,“政治过程开放”决定了资格赋予的范围、权利拓展的领域和参与深化的程度。在多民族国家中,“政治价值”与“政治过程”的良性互动才能有助于推动民族成员国家认同的形成,从而有利于国家认同的构建。

The enhancement of ethnic identity and phenomenon of ethnic conflicts in the process of modernization make the study of relationship between national identity and ethnic identity the focus of a variety of disciplines.Meanwhile citizenship as an inclusive social link is seen as playing positive function and important role during the modern nation-state building process.From“Value-Process”perspective,the mechanisms of citizenship in unifying national and ethnic identities can be summarized as“political value guidance”and“political process openness”.“Political value guidance”determines the content of the national identity,guides the direction of the right building,and adjusts the opening up of the political process.“Political process openness”determines the range of citizenship,fields of the rights empowered,and the level of participation in political process.The two mechanisms interact with each other positively,which help promote the building of national identity.