河北生态用地时空格局的地貌分异特征

A study of topographical differentiation of ecological land spatial-temporal pattern in Hebei Province

生态用地是区域生态服务功能的主要供给者,对控制区域生态环境起到了关键作用,研究河北省生态用地时空格局的地貌分异特征可以为京津冀区域生态用地保护与优化、土地利用规划以及生态战略制定提供科学依据。基于1990年、2000年和2015年生态用地遥感解译数据和地貌数据,利用分布指数、信息图谱等方法,分析了河北生态用地时空格局的地貌分异特征。研究表明:①研究期间河北省生态用地在平原、台地和高原地貌类型区呈劣势分布,在丘陵、低山和中山地貌类型区呈优势分布;②研究期间林地在台地,其他生态用地在平原、台地、低山和中山地貌类型区空间稳定性极差;林地在平原,草地在高原,湿地在平原、台地、丘陵和低山,其他生态用地在丘陵和高原地貌类型区空间稳定性较差;各生态用地类型在其他地貌类型区空间稳定性较好;③研究期间生态用地变化图谱以稳定型为主,所占比重为86.75%,在平原、台地和高原地貌类型区呈劣势分布,在低山和中山地貌类型区呈微弱优势分布,在丘陵地貌类型区呈标准分布。河北生态用地空间分布、空间稳定性和变化图谱的地貌特征分异显著,制定生态建设战略规划时应充分考虑区域地貌特征。

Ecological land is connected with human social development and natural ecological succession based on the inherent correlation between land use and land cover.Studying the topographical differentiation of ecological land spatial-temporal pattern in Hebei Province can provide scientific basis for the protection and optimization of ecological land in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Based on land use data of Hebei Province obtained in 1990,2000 and 2015,the authors used GIS technology to analyze the topographical differentiation of ecological land spatial-temporal pattern in Hebei Province.The conclusions are as follows:①The advantageous distribution topographical types of ecological land are hills,low mountain and middle mountain,while the advantageous distribution topographical types of forest are low mountain and middle mountain,the advantageous distribution topographical types of grassland are hills,low mountain and middle mountain,the advantageous distribution topographical types of wetland are plains and plateau,the advantageous distribution topographical types of other ecological land are plains,platform and plateau.②During the study period,the forest in the platform and the other ecological land in plain,platform,low mountain and mid-mountain landform types had extremely poor spatial stability.③According to the land use change TUPU,the stable type is the primary land use change type,accounting for 86.75%of the whole catchment.The low mountain and middle mountain are the advantageous distribution topographical types for the stability,while the plain,platform,hill and plateau are the advantageous distribution topographical types for the prophase kind,the plain,platform and plateau are the advantageous distribution topographical types for the anaphase kind,the plain,platform and hill are the advantageous distribution topographical types for the repetitive kind,and the plain is the advantage distribution topographical type for the constant kind.The topographical differentiation of ecological land distribution,spatial stability and TUPU are significant.