行为管理技术在学龄前患龋儿童牙科治疗中的作用

Role of behavior management in dental treatment of preschool children with tooth decay

目的探讨行为管理措施对学龄前儿童龋病诊治过程中牙科焦虑症的影响,并评价其在缓解牙科焦虑症、改善就诊行为中的作用。方法选择符合纳入标准的500例患儿随机分为对照组和实验组各250例,实验组在诊疗过程中使用行为管理技术,对照组实行常规护理方法,通过儿童畏惧调查表-牙科分量表(CFSS-DS)及临床合作率对比评价其效果。结果实验组患儿CFSS-DS总分均值明显低于对照组患儿CFSS-DS总分均值,P<0.05。实验组焦虑发生率低于对照组焦虑发生率,P<0.05。实验组患儿临床合作率高于对照组,P<0.01。结论对患儿实施认知行为疗法、讲-示-做、系统脱敏、分散注意力、语音控制、正强化、模范作用等行为管理技术,能显著缓解患儿的牙科焦虑情绪,有效提高患儿牙科治疗的合作率。

Objective To investigate the effect of behavioral management on dental anxiety during the diagnosis and treatment of dental caries in preschool children,and to evaluate its role in relieving dental anxiety and improving treatment behavior.Methods Totally 500 children met the inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into the control group(n=250)and the experimental group(n=250).Behavior management techniques were used in the experimental group and routine nursing methods were used in the control group.Children′s fear survey schedule-dental subscale(CFSS-DS)and clinical cooperation rate were compared to evaluate the effect of behavioral management.Results The mean CFSS-DS score of children in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of anxiety in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The clinical cooperation rate of children in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion The implementation of behavioral management techniques,such as cognitive behavioral therapy,speaking-demonstration-doing,systematic desensitization,distraction,voice control,positive reinforcement and exemplary role could significantly alleviate children's dental anxiety and effectively improve the rate of treatment cooperation.