母亲声音干预对早产儿临床结局的影响

Effect of maternal voice intervention on the clinical outcome of premature infants

目的探讨母亲声音干预对早产儿临床结局的影响。方法以2019年2~11月长宁区妇幼保健院收治的80例早产儿作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上增加母亲声音干预。比较两组不同时间点静脉穿刺的血氧饱和度、心率变化,以及足跟采血过程中早产儿急性疼痛评估量表(NIAPAS)评分和喂养情况。结果静脉穿刺前,两组早产儿血氧饱和度及心率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);穿刺过程中、穿刺后30 s、穿刺后1 min、穿刺后2 min及穿刺后5 min,观察组早产儿的血氧饱和度明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);穿刺过程中、穿刺后30 s、穿刺后1 min及穿刺后2 min,观察组早产儿的心率明显低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但穿刺后5 min,两组早产儿的心率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在足跟采血前,两组早产儿的NIAPAS疼痛评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);穿刺过程中及穿刺后2 min,观察组早产儿的NIAPAS疼痛评分分别为(5.94±2.77)分、(3.64±2.13)分,明显低于对照组的(8.72±3.04)分、(4.99±1.74)分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组早产儿在开始经口喂养时及实现全口喂养时的喂养效率和吸吮频率明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组早产儿在开始经口喂养时及实现全口喂养时的体质量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组早产儿恢复至出生体质量的时间为(4.23±0.85) d,明显短于对照组的(7.14±0.94) d,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论母亲声音干预能有效改善早产儿心率、血氧饱和度指标、疼痛评分及经口喂养进程等主要临床结局,有助于早产儿生长发育,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the effect of maternal voice intervention on the clinical outcome of premature infants.Methods A total of 80 premature babies,who admitted to Changing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February to November,2019,were selected and divided into the control group and observation group according to random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received additionally the mother's voice intervention on the basis of the control group.The changes of oxygen saturation and heart rate at different time points of venipuncture of the two groups were compared,as well as the scores of neonatal acute pain assessment scale(NIAPAS)and feeding status during heel blood collection.Results Before venipuncture,there was no statistically significant difference in blood oxygen saturation and heart rate between the two groups(P>0.05).During the puncture process,30 s after puncture,1 min after puncture,2 min after puncture and 5 min after puncture,the blood oxygen saturation of premature infants in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).During the puncture process,30 s after puncture,1 min after puncture and 2 min after puncture,the heart rate of premature infants in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).However,5 min after puncture,the heart rate of premature infants in the two groups had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Before heel blood transfusion,there was no statistically significant difference in NIAPAS pain score between the two groups(P>0.05).During and 2 min after puncture,NIAPAS pain scores of premature infants in the observation group were(5.94±2.77)points and(3.64±2.13)points,respectively,which were significantly lower than corresponding(8.72±3.04)points and(4.99±1.74)points of the control group(P<0.05).The feeding efficiency and sucking frequency of premature infants in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at the beginning of oral feeding and at the completion of oral feeding(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in body mass between the two groups at the beginning of oral feeding and when full oral feeding was achieved(P>0.05).However,the time for premature infants in the observation group to recover to birth mass was(4.23±0.85)d,which was significantly shorter than(7.14±0.94)d in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Maternal voice intervention can effectively improve the main clinical outcomes of premature infants,such as heart rate,blood oxygen saturation index,pain score and oral feeding process,and is helpful to the growth and development of premature infants,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.