基于旋转热流法和均布热流法的列车轴盘制动温度场仿真分析

Simulation of Temperature Field of Train Axle-mounted Disk Braking Based on Rotating Heat Flux Method and Uniformly Distributed Heat Flux Method

针对目前摩擦热流加载方式对列车轴盘制动温度场影响规律的研究不全面的问题,系统考察了不同制动工况条件下,旋转热流法和均布热流法这两种摩擦热流加载方式计算得到的制动盘温度场的变化规律及差异性。计算结果表明,在不同制动工况条件下,对于制动盘面上的温度最高点,旋转热流法与均布热流法计算得到的温度值及其变化特性的差异最大。同时,这种差异与闸片-制动盘接触面积、车辆制动初速度、制动减速度以及轮质量等工况条件密切相关。随着距离盘面深度的增加,这种差异迅速减小,在2 mm处可近似认为相同。此外,在连续多次制动条件下,某一次制动中旋转热流法与均布热流法计算结果的差异性与之前的制动无关,并据此提出一种制动盘最高温度值的快速算法。研究成果为列车轴盘制动温度场计算中摩擦热流加载方式的选择提供了理论依据。

Aiming at the insufficient research of the influence of the frictional heat flux loading method on the braking temperature field of the train axle-mounted disk,the variation law and differences of the temperature field of the brake disc calculated by the two frictional heat flux loading methods(rotating heat flux method and uniformly distributed heat flux method)under different braking conditions are systematically investigated.The calculation results show that under different braking conditions,for the maximum temperature point on the disk surface,the calculated temperature and its change characteristics based on the two heat flux loading methods are quite different.At the same time,the differences are closely related to the conditions of the pad-disk contact area,the initial braking speed,the braking deceleration and the wheel weight.With the increase of the distance below the disk surface,the differences between the temperature and its change characteristics calculated by the two frictional heat flux loading methods decrease rapidly,and for the point of 2 mm below the disk surface,the differences can be approximately ignored.In addition,under the condition of continuous braking,the calculated differences between the temperature and its change characteristics based on the two heat flux loading methods in a certain braking are not related to the previous braking.Based on this rule,a fast algorithm for the maximum temperature value of the brake disc is proposed.Theoretical basis is provided for the selection of the frictional heat flux loading method in the calculation of the braking temperature field of the train axle-mounted disk.