民族旅游开发中的民族文化景观就地仿造现象透析

Analysis on the Phenomenon of Local Imitation to Ethnic Cultural Landscape in the Field of Ethnic Tourism Development

在民族旅游地,由外来旅游开发商主导、对当地民族文化景观进行就地仿造已经成为一种常见的旅游开发方式。以内蒙古草原旅游地为例,民族文化景观就地仿造型民族村和旅游接待点实现了民族旅游空间的再造,博得了众多游客的青睐。从旅游供给、旅游需求和旅游运营视角分析,就地仿造型民族文化景观迎合了旅游者的旅游需求;但从民族文化传承和民族经济与社会发展视角看,民族文化景观就地仿造现象对民族旅游可持续发展带来了巨大挑战。当地政府应限制仿造型民族文化景观建设,优先支持社区参与型民族旅游开发项目;优先利用原生态民族文化景观,将本地居民置于旅游发展的中心位置;推动仿造型民族文化景观与原生态民族文化的融合,助推民族地区乡村社区振兴。

In ethnic tourism destinations,local imitation to ethnic cultural landscape under the leadership of foreign tourism developers has become a common way of tourism development.Taking the grassland tourism area of Inner Mongolia as an example,the ethnic villages and tourist reception points formed by the imitation of ethnic cultural landscapes have achieved spatial reconstruction and won the favor of most tourists.From the perspective of tourism supply,tourism demand and tourism reception operation,the local imitation to ethnic cultural landscape caters to tourists’tourism demand;but from the perspective of ethnic cultural heritage and ethnic economic development,the local imitation to ethnic cultural landscape poses a great challenge to the sustainable development of ethnic tourism.Based on this,it is suggested that the local government should restrict the construction of imitated ethnic cultural landscape and give priority to supporting community-participatory ethnic tourism development projects;give priority to the using of original ecological ethnic cultural landscape and place local residents at the center of tourism development;promote the integration of imitated ethnic cultural landscape and original ecological ethnic culture,and promote the revitalization of rural communities in ethnic areas.