英藏黑水城出土汉文医学残片新考

New textual research of Chinese medical fragments excavated from Khara-Khoto collected in Britain

既往对英藏黑水城出土汉文医学残片Or.8212/1343和Or.8212/1106来源的判定存在一些不妥之处。通过研究,发现Or.8212/1343残片所载内容实出自于北宋朱肱所著《活人书》卷二,可新拟名为"写本《活人书》残片";Or.8212/1106残片则与北宋时期编著的《太平惠民和剂局方》有着密切的关系。此结论,一者有助于纠正前人对黑水城出土汉文医学文献年代的判断;二者也可借此说明,出土医学文献研究中应避免依赖类书为主要依据,亦不可过度阐释等。

In the past,there were some inadequacies in the determination of the origin of Chinese medical fragments Or.8212/1343 and Or.8212/1106 excavated from Khara-Khoto collected in Britain. Through the research,it is found that the content of Or.8212/1343 fragment is actually from Volume II of The book of Living People written by ZHU Gong of the Northern Song Dynasty,which can be newly named "the fragment of manuscript The Book of Living People";Or.8212/1106 fragment is closely related to Prescription of Peaceful Benevolent Dispensary compiled in the Northern Song Dynasty. This conclusion can help to correct the previous judgment on the age of the Chinese medical literature excavated from Khara-Khoto on the one hand,on the other hand it can also be used to explain that the study of medical literature excavated should avoid relying on genus-books as the main basis,and should not be over interpreted.