欧美跨境数据流动管辖冲突表现形式及主要解决途径研究

Study on the Manifestations and Main Solutions of Cross-border Data Flow Jurisdiction Conflicts in Europe and America

数据时代的到来,数据的爆发性、广袤性、全面性已经远远超过以往任何一个时代,数据遍布生活的方方面面。数据资源已成为国家主权保护和国际综合实力的依据及参考对象,作为国家主权的重要组成部分的数据主权应运而生,并被提升到国家战略地位。各个国家为了最大限度地维护自身在跨境数据流动中的利益,纷纷结合自身在跨境数据流动中的地位和特点,制定适合自身的基于国家主权的跨境数据流动管辖模式。数据跨境流动势必造成管辖权的归属与冲突问题,文章主要研究了欧美跨境数据管辖模式,以及各自的管辖模式在数据跨境流动中引起的冲突表现,并在分析产生各种冲突表现的成因基础上,提出了管辖冲突的解决途径和方式。

With the advent of the data age,the explosiveness,breadth and comprehensiveness of data have far surpassed any previous era,and data are spread across all aspects of life.Data resources have become the basis and reference for national sovereign protection and international comprehensive strength.Data sovereignty,which is an important component of national sovereignty,has emerged as the times require and has been promoted to the national strategic position.In order to maximize their interests in cross-border data flow,each country has combined its own position and characteristics in cross-border data flow to develop a cross-border data flow jurisdiction model based on national sovereignty.The cross-border flow of data will inevitably lead to the ownership and conflict of jurisdiction.The article mainly studies the cross-border data jurisdiction model of Europe and the United States,as well as the conflict performance caused by the respective jurisdictional modes in the cross-border flow of data,and further analyzes the causes of various conflicts.On the basis of analysis of the reasons,the ways and means of solving conflicts of jurisdiction are proposed.