深部岩石原位“五保”取芯构想与研究进展

Study on concept and progress of in situ fidelity coring of deep rocks

深部原位环境下岩体非线性行为更加凸显,现有岩石力学理论均是基于钻探获得的普通岩芯所测数据分析建立,忽略了不同深度原位环境(温度、渗透压力等)的影响,不再精准适用于深部资源开发。提出深部岩石原位保压、保温、保质、保光、保湿,即"五保"取芯构想,形成深部岩石原位"五保"取芯的原理、技术和实施方案。基于牟合方盖几何原理,采用数值仿真与物理测试,研发了深部岩石原位自触发保压控制技术,关键部件保压取芯能力达到100 MPa;创新主动保温与被动保温相结合的新型深部岩石原位保温取芯技术,室内初步实现了温度-8.8℃~100.0℃的高精度保持;提出了交联固化密封膜原理与方法,A,B两液反应形成具有阻隔性能的高分子薄膜,在实验室初步实现岩芯的保质、保湿、保光。研究结果能够为研究不同深度原位环境下岩石物理力学差异性特征新规律、构建深部原位岩石力学新理论体系、提升深部资源获取能力以及探索地球深部新奥秘提供支撑。

The non-linear behavior of rock material in deep in-situ environment is very prominent. The existing rock mechanics theories are mostly based on the data analysis of ordinary cores obtained by drilling,which ignore the effects of in-situ environmental parameters(temperature,penetration pressure,etc.) at different depths and,hence,are no longer applicable to deep resource exploitation. A concept of coring with retaining in-situ conditions,including the pore pressure,temperature,quality,luminosity and humidity of original cores,is proposed,and the principle,technology and implement plan of coring with retaining in-situ conditions of deep rocks are developed. Based on the Steinmetz solid geometric principle,a self-triggered pressure control technology of deep rocks with a capacity of maintaining 100 MPa pressure of key parts is proposed through numerical simulation and physical test. An active and passive combined temperature maintaining technology is developed for thermal insulation system,and the maintaining temperature ranges from-8.8 ℃ to 100.0 ℃ in laboratory. The principle and method of cross-linking sealing film are presented. The polymer barrier film is formed after the reaction between A and B liquids,which can retain the quality,luminosity and humidity of in-situ cores in laboratory. This research can provide support for learning physical and mechanical characteristics for deep in-situ rocks at different depths,constructing new rock mechanical theory system,improving the deep resources exploration capability and exploring the mysteries of the deep earth.