佳木斯市2015-2018年食品监测 常见食源性致病菌检出情况分析

Analysis on the Detection of Common Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria in Food Surveillance in Jiamusi City from 2015 to 2018

目的掌握佳木斯市食品中常见食源性致病菌污染状况,为相关部门制定防控措施提供依据。方法根据《国家污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》要求,采取随机方法进行样本采集,经过样品处理、增菌、分离和鉴定等操作,分别对沙门氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和空肠弯曲菌进行检验检测,并对检测数据进行分析。结果2015-2018年不同年份间致病菌检出率无明显差别(χ^2=6.95,P=0.07)。4年间,空肠弯曲菌年均检出率最高(28.93%),沙门氏菌最低(1.76%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=240.75,P<0.01);预包装食品检出率(26.12%)高于散装食品(15.44%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=240.75,P<0.01),婴幼儿生制类谷物辅助食品致病菌检出率(80.00%)高于其他种类食品,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=235.43,P<0.01),流通环节致病菌检出率(25.43%)高于其他环节检出率,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=87.90,P<0.01);比较不同采样地点致病菌检出率发现,网店食品检出率最高,为30.19%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=75.22,P<0.01)。结论佳木斯市食品致病菌污染较为普遍,婴幼儿生制类谷物辅助食品、肉及肉制品等食品污染较重,流通环节是污染的主要环节,相关部门应加强卫生监管。

OBJECTIVE To master the contamination status of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in food in Jiamusi city,and provide a basis for relevant departments to formulate prevention and control measures.METHODS According to the national pollution and harmful factors in risk monitoring handbook,adopts the method of random sample collection,sample processing,enrichment,separation and identification such as operation,respectively for salmonella,deputy hemolytic vibrio,mononuclear cell hyperplasia liszt bacteria,bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus,detection and jejunum bending test and analysis of test data.RESULTS there was no significant difference in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in different years from 2015 to 2018(χ^2=6.95,P=0.07).In the 4 years,the annual detection rate of campylobacter jejuni was the highest(28.93%)and the lowest(1.76%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=240.75,P<0.01).Pre-packaged food detection rate(26.12%)than in bulk food(15.44%),the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=240.75,P<0.01),infants born system class food grains and pathogenic bacteria detection rate(80.00%)than than other types of food,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=235.43,P<0.01),circulation pathogenic bacteria detection rate(25.43%)than other link detection rate,difference was statistically significant(χ^2=87.90,P<0.01);By comparing the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in different sampling sites,it was found that the detection rate of food in the online store was the highest(30.19%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=75.22,P<0.01).CONCLUSION The contamination of food pathogenic bacteria was common in jiamusi city,and the contamination of infant and infant cereals auxiliary food,meat and meat products were serious.