金针菇菇根膳食纤维蒸汽爆破改性工艺优化研究

Optimization on Steam Explosion Modification Process of Dietary Fiber of Flammulina velutipes Root

由于缺乏适宜的综合利用途径和技术,金针菇菇根除少部分作为饲料外,绝大部分被直接丢弃,不仅造成了资源的极大浪费,而且污染了环境。目前对金针菇菇根的利用研究主要以提取多糖为主,多糖提取后的残渣主要是不溶性粗纤维,可溶性膳食纤维含量较低,品质较差,需对其进行改性处理,提高可溶性膳食纤维含量,提升其品质及附加值。本研究以金针菇菇根水提残渣为原料,采用蒸汽爆破技术对金针菇菇根多糖进行改性,通过单因素试验和正交优化试验优化了金针菇菇根膳食纤维的蒸汽爆破改性工艺参数。结果表明,蒸汽爆破对金针菇菇根膳食纤维改性的最佳工艺为料腔比5:8(L/L,下同),保压时间105 s,蒸汽爆破压强1 MPa,在此条件下,可溶性膳食纤维(Soluble dietary fiber,SDF)含量为7.08%,较改性前提高了31.35%。

Due to the lack of suitable comprehensive utilization methods and technologies,most of Flammulina velutipes root has directly discarded,which not only causes a great waste of resources,but also pollutes the environment,only a small part of Flammulina velutipes is used as feed.At present,the research on the utilization of Flammulina velutipes root was mainly focused on polysaccharide extraction.The residue after polysaccharide extraction was mainly insoluble crude fiber.The SDF content was low and the quality was poor.It needs to be modified to increase the content to enhance its quality and added value.In this study,the Flammulina velutipes root extract residues were used as raw materials to modify the Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide using steam blasting technology.The steam blasting modification process parameters of Flammulina velutipes dietary fiber were optimized through single factor test and orthogonal optimization test.The results showed that the best process of steam blasting to modify the dietary fiber of Flammulina velutipes was that the ratio of material and cavity was 5:8,the holding time was 105 s,and the pressure of steam blasting was 1 MPa.Under this condition,SDF content was 7.08%,an increased of 31.35%compared with before modification.