从部落到乡土:论血缘规则与法律秩序的生成

From the Tribe to the Native Land:Ancient Kinship and the Formation of Legal Order

纵观人类历史,实在法经历了千百年的演变,终于形成了近现代完整而多样的规则体系,特别是私法领域,法律规则的历史渊源更为悠久。人类在早期社会的部落生活中已经形成了一些法律规则的雏形,它们虽然与近现代意义上的国家立法体系有着天壤之别,但细致考察这些原始社会的血缘规则和家庭习惯法,对于全面理解法的运作和历史演变将有着非常重要的意义。通过历史文献的整理和归纳简述原始血缘规则与法律演进之关系,并结合中国传统社会秩序分析家庭规则对于社会规制的作用。

Throughout human history,real law has undergone thousands of years of evolution,and it has finally formed a complete and diverse system of rules in modern times,especially in the field of private law.The history of legal rules has a longer history.Human beings have formed some rudiments of legal rules in the tribal life of the early society.Although they were quite different from the national legislative system in the modern sense,a detailed examination of the blood rules and family customary laws of these primitive societies will be of great significance to provide comprehensive understanding of the operation and historical evolution of law.This article attempts to summarize the relationship between the original blood relationship rules and the evolution of law through the collation and induction of historical documents and analyzes the role of family rules on social regulation in combination with the traditional Chinese social order.