规则变通方法的立法运用及规范化设置

The Legislative Application and Standardized Setup of the Workaround of Rules

规则变通方法是一种通过对特定规则进行非原则性变动以达到预期法律效果的方法,它由地域要素、主体要素、行为共识要素、法治要素构成。从立法依据看,其可分为"根据地方实际型""授权型""特殊情事型"三种方法;从立法类型看,其可分为"语词的变通""内容的变通""权利义务责任的结构性变通"三种类型。规则变通方法在立法运用中应遵守"不抵触""有依据"等原则,严格把握地域性特点,限定变通后的"权责关系",明确规则变通方法的指引性语词。

The rule of workaround is making non-principal changes to specific rules in order to achieve the expected legal effect.It is composed of geographical elements,subject elements,behavior consensus elements,and rule of law elements.According to the legislative basis,the workarounds can be divided into three methods:"based-on-local-reality","authorization",and"special-circumstances".The legislative types into three:"modification of words","modification of content",and"structural modification of rights and obligations".The workarounds in legislative application should abide by the"non-conflicting"and"founded"legislative standards,strictly grasp the regional characteristics,strictly limit the"authority-responsibility relations"after the workaround,and clarify the guiding words of the workarounds.