关于构建陕西省地质灾害防治新机制的思考

The construction of a new geological hazard preventionmechanism in Shaanxi Province

陕西省地质灾害隐患点多面广,重大地质灾害时有发生,这些灾害事件不仅造成一定的人员伤亡和财产损失,而且暴露出了地质灾害防治工作中存在的问题。通过针对性地解决这些问题,能够有效推动地质灾害防治制度化建设进程。该文首先总结了陕西省近年来制度化建设进程和取得的成效,其次,指出了陕西省地质灾害防控中依然存在的三大风险问题,即预警基础薄弱、治理体系不够健全、应急技术支撑体系不完善,这些问题制约着陕西地质灾害防治管理水平。针对以上问题,该文提出“地质灾害防治新机制”,并分别构建了制度组织体系、源头管控体系、综合治理体系、应急技术支撑体系、科技创新体系五大体系,为自然资源部门与应急管理部门“预防与救援的无缝对接”提供新思路。

The geological disasters in Shaanxi Province have many hidden danger points and major geological disasters occur from time to time.These disasters not only cause a large number of casualties and property losses,but also expose problems in the prevention and control of geological disasters.For this reason,major geological hazard events in Shaanxi Province over the years are like an"invisible hand",and comprehensively promote the institutionalization of geological disaster prevention and control.The article comprehensively summarizes the progress of institutionalized construction in Shaanxi Province in recent years and the results achieved;on this basis,it points out the risk problems that still exist in the prevention and control of geological disasters in Shaanxi Povince,that is,the prevention foundation is weak,the emergency technical support system is not perfect,and governance of prevention and control is not complete enough.These problems will severely restrict the prevention and management level of geological disaster.In response to these problems,the authors put forward a new mechanism for geological disaster prevention in Shaanxi Province,including the legal system,source control system,scientific and technological innovation system,emergency technical support system,and comprehensive management system,which provide new ideas for the"seamless integration of prevention and rescue"between the department of natural resources and the department of emergency management.