论关检合并及其法治化

On the Combination of Customs,Inspection and Quarantine and Its Legalization

十三届全国人大一次会议审议通过了《国务院机构改革方案》,将出入境检验检疫队伍及其职责由原国家质量监督检验检疫总局转隶海关总署,简称“关检合并”。海关与检验检疫之合并对传统海关法律体系、海关法相关内容、海关执法体系、海关救济体系等均带来冲击。国家以系统性、整体性思维,科学设置海关机构,优化海关职能,整合海关资源,以法治化、体系化理念和方式推进海关机构改革。从关检分分合合中审视关检合并的合理性,以关检合并后的实践衡量现有海关法律从体系到内容的滞后性或不适应,以“良法”标准提出适应关检合并后相关法律法规的应然性,为关检合并从“改头换面”到“脱胎换骨”提供法律保障。

The first session of the 13th National People's Congress deliberated and approved the Plan for State Council Institutional Reform,transferring the exit-entry inspection and quarantine teams and their duties from the General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China to the General Administration of Customs,which is called“combination of customs,inspection and quarantine”for short.The combination of customs,inspection and quarantine has brought impacts on the traditional customs legal system,the related contents of customs law,customs law enforcement system,customs relief system,etc.With the systematic and holistic thinking,the customs institutions should be set up scientifically,its functions should be optimized,its resources should be integrated and the reform of the customs institutions should be carried out with the legalized and systematic ideas and ways.Combing the rationality of the combination of customs,inspection and quarantine through their separation and combination and from the practice after the combination,judging the hysteresis or inadaptability of the existing customs legal system and its contents,the“good law”standard is proposed to meet the requirements of the relevant laws and regulations after the combination so as to provide the legal protection for the combination from“appearance changing”to“rebirth”.