乘客双人椅结构-材料一体轻量化设计

Lightweight design of double-person seats based on the integrated technology of material and structure

服务客车节能减排需求,针对乘客双人座椅,基于材料-结构拓扑优化设计一体技术,开展乘客座椅轻量化安全性设计。首先,采用Hyper Works软件平台建立客车双人座椅有限元仿真模型,依据GB 14467—2013开展汽车安全带安装固定点虚拟仿真,验证数值分析模型安全性。其次,在座椅靠背采用铝合金材料基础上,进行座椅侧板、连接板及脚架结构拓扑优化设计。分析结果表明,在满足安全性设计要求基础上,新型座椅相较于原座椅,总体减重23.44%,轻量化效果明显。

In this article,aiming at energy saving and emission reduction for buses and coaches,double-person seats are designed based on the integrated topology-optimization technology of material and structure. Thus,the safety design of lightweight seats is ensured. Firstly,the HyperWorks software is adopted to work out the FEM simulation model of double-person seats. According to the GB 14467-2013 regulations,the FEM model of safety-belt anchorages is adopted to verify the numerical analysis is accurate. Secondly,aluminum alloy is adopted on the seat back,with a view to topology optimization of the side panel,the connecting panel and the tripod structure. The results indicate that when the requirements of design safety are met,the mass of the new seat,compared with that of its traditional counterpart,reduces by 23.44%,and thus the lightweight effect is obvious.