维生素D治疗阿尔茨海默病作用机制的研究进展

Research progress on mechanism of vitamin D in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

随着人口老龄化问题的加剧,阿尔茨海默病(AD)的发生率近年来逐步升高。AD的病理进程复杂,目前临床上使用的药物可改善认知功能,但不能有效控制疾病进展。流行病学证据表明,维生素D缺乏与AD的发生及病程密切相关。体内外研究发现维生素D具有神经保护作用,如抑制β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)斑块沉积、促进Aβ的外周清除、抑制Tau蛋白的过度磷酸化、抗炎症反应、调节Ca2+稳态及抗氧化应激反应等,但目前其研究停留在细胞或动物实验水平,且具体作用机制仍未明确,尚需大量的基础和临床研究进一步证实。

Along with the problem of population aging, the incidence rate of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) is gradually increasing. The pathological process of AD is complicated, and medicines currently used in clinical practice can improve cognitive function, but cannot completely stop the progressive dementia. Epidemiological evidence demonstrated that deficiency of vitamin D is relevant for disease and course in AD. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies has revealed that the neuroprotective effects of vitamin D, such as inhibiting the β-amyloid protein(Aβ) deposition, promoting the peripheral Aβ clearance, inhibiting the Tau over-phosphorylation, inducing anti-inflammatory response, regulating Ca2+ homeostasis and anti-oxidative stress response. However, the research of vitamin D remained at the level of cell or animal experiments, and the underlying mechanism of effects in AD is still unclear. So more basic and clinical researches are needed to further confirm the beneficial effects of vitamin D in the AD treatment.