分析禅文化对日本枯山水庭院营建的影响

Analysis of the Influence of Zen Culture on the Construction of Japanese Zen Garden

禅的思想在镰仓时代传到日本(中国宋朝),枯山水盛行于室町时代,这种独特的日式庭园也被称为禅的庭院。禅的庭园拥有其他庭院不可比拟的精神性,枯山水精神可归结为"清""静""和""寂",在尺寸之土展示意象化的山与水,从而摆脱了四季的荣衰,实现永恒。这种看似无心实则精心的造园手法其实更是对短暂人生的思考。论文以禅的文化对日本文化的影响及其基本观点和美学意境为切入点,逐层分析禅的文化如何影响日本枯山水庭院的形成与发展。

The thought of Zen spread to Japan in the Kamakura era(Song Dynasty in China).The dry landscape prevailed in the Muromachi era.This unique Japanese garden is also known as the courtyard of Zen.The garden of Zen has the incomparable spirit of other courtyards.The spirit of dry mountains and rivers can be summed up as"Qing","Jing","he"and"Ji".The image of mountains and waters can be displayed in the size of the earth,so as to get rid of the prosperity and decline of the four seasons and realize eternity.This seemingly unintentional and actually elaborate gardening technique is actually a reflection on the short life.Based on the influence of Zen culture on Japanese culture and its basic viewpoint and aesthetic conception,this paper analyzes how Zen culture affects the formation and development of Japanese dry landscape courtyard layer by layer.