引导骨再生术对前牙区种植牙龈美学及牙槽骨吸收的影响

Effect of guided bone regeneration on gingival aesthetics and alveolar bone resorption of dental implants in the anterior region

目的:了解前牙美学区种植位点存在骨缺损的患者行引导骨再生术(guided bone regeneration,GBR)在种植术后能否获得无明显骨缺损患者相近的牙龈美学效果,评价引导骨再生术对牙槽骨吸收的影响。方法:选取2017年8月-2018年6月间在中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)口腔医学中心行前牙种植术的患者31例,术前测量种植位点牙槽骨宽度,宽度小于6.8 mm的患者为GBR组,宽度大于6.8 mm患者为非GBR组,比较2组二期修复时牙龈美学评分、探诊深度及牙槽骨吸收的差异。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行两独立样本t检验。结果:GBR组牙龈美学评分显著高于非GBR组(P<0.01),GBR组与非GBR组探诊深度无显著差异(P>0.05),GBR组牙槽骨吸收显著小于非GBR组(P<0.01)。结论:使用GBR术可以减缓骨吸收速度,使存在局部牙槽骨缺损的患者达到无骨缺损患者牙种植术后的美学效果。

PURPOSE:To understand whether guided bone regeneration(GBR)can be used in patients with bone defects at the implantation site in the anesthetic area of the anterior teeth to obtain similar gingival aesthetic effects in patients without obvious bone defects after implantation,and to evaluate the effects of GBR on bone alveolar resorption.METHODS:A total of 31 patients who underwent anterior dental implantation at the Stomatology Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China(Anhui Provincial Hospital)from August 2017 to June 2018 were selected.The width of the alveolar bone at the implantation site was measured in all 31 patients before surgery.The patients with a width of less than 6.8 mm were in the GBR group,and the patients with a width of more than 6.8 mm were in the non-GBR group.The two groups of patients were compared for gingival esthetic score,probing depth and alveolar bone resorption during the second-stage restoration.SPSS 19.0 software package was used to perform two independent sample t tests on the data.RESULTS:The gingival aesthetic score of the GBR group was significantly higher than that of the non-GBR group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the probing depth between the GBR group and the non-GBR group(P>0.05).Alveolar bone resorption in the GBR group was significantly smaller than that in the non-GBR group(P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS:The use of GBR can slow down the rate of bone resorption and make the patients with local alveolar bone defect reach the similar aesthetic effect of patients without alveolar bone defect after dental implantation.