塞罕坝地区主要害鼠的空间分布型及抽样技术研究

Study on spatial distribution and sampling technique of major rodent pest in Saihanba area

通过调查塞罕坝地区不同林分类型以及林龄害鼠的危害,采用聚集度指标分析法和回归方程分析法分析该地区主要害鼠的空间分布型,明确御道口牧场以及塞罕坝机械林场草原鼢鼠和达乌尔黄鼠空间分布类型、分布的成分以及形成的原因,并确立相关抽样技术。研究表明:塞罕坝机械林场的优势种为达乌尔黄鼠,御道口牧场的优势种为草原鼢鼠,且两种害鼠均为聚集分布,其分布基本成分均为个体群,且个体间互相吸引,影响草原鼢鼠以及达乌尔黄鼠聚集分布是由于其本身的聚集行为和环境的异质性共同作用的结果;种群密度的抽样方法采用理论抽样模型和序贯抽样技术,确定了林间不同害鼠密度时最适抽样数。害鼠空间分布类型及抽样技术的确定为塞罕坝地区鼠害的预测预报及综合防控提供了技术支撑。

By investigating the different forest types and the damage degree of rodents at different forest ages in Saihanba area,the spatial distribution patterns of main rodents were analyzed by aggregation index analysis method and regression equation analysis method.The spatial distribution types,components of distribution,and causes of formation of Myospalax aspalax and Spermophilus dauricus in the Yudaokou pasture grasslands and the mechanical forest farms of Saihanba area were defined and the relevant sampling technology was established.The results show that the dominant species of Saihanba mechanical forest farm is Spermophilus dauricus,and the dominant species of Yudaokou pasture is Myospalax aspalax,and the two rodents are aggregated.The basic components of the distribution are individual groups,and the individuals attract each other.The aggregation and distribution of Myospalax aspalax and Spermophilus dauricus is mainly influenced by their own aggregation behavior and environmental heterogeneity.A theoretical sampling model and a sequential sampling technique were adopted for sampling method of population density,and the optimum sampling number were determined based on different rodent densities in forests.The determination of spatial distribution types and sampling techniques of rodent pests provides technical support for the prediction and comprehensive control of rodent pests in Saihanba area.