基于“3414”试验的坝上草地施肥效应与推荐施肥量研究

Study on fertilization effect and recommendation for Bashang grassland based on“3414”field trials

为研究河北坝上典型羊草草地最适的氮磷钾配施量,以张北坝上典型羊草割草地为对象,采用氮磷钾三因素四水平的“3414”正交试验设计,通过建立氮、磷、钾施肥量与产量的回归模型,探索当地牧草产量的最佳氮磷钾施肥量。结果表明:氮磷钾施用量均为中等水平时,牧草产量达到最佳;3种肥料对牧草产量的影响由大到小依次为氮、磷、钾,随施肥量的增加牧草产量均呈现先增后减的趋势;氮、磷、钾肥两两互作均在中等水平时对牧草产量的影响显著;各类型拟合方程得出最高产量从高到低依次表现为N一元方程、P一元方程、K一元方程、PK二元方程、NPK三元方程、NP二元方程、NK二元方程,综合各方程最佳施肥量的决策结果,建议该地区最大牧草产量的施肥量为N 55.68 kg/hm^2、P2O579.95 kg/hm^2、K2O 40.00 kg/hm^2。

In order to study the optimal N,P,and K application rate of typical Leymus chinensis grassland on Hebei Bashang area,the typical Leymus chinensis mowing grassland on Zhangbei Bashang was taken as the example,and the“3414”orthogonal experiment designed with three factors of N,P,K and four levels was adopted.The results showed that when the application amount of N,P,and K was medium,the forage yield reached the highest.The decreasing order of effects of the three fertilizers on the forage yield was nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The interaction of N,P and K had a positive effect on forage yield at medium level.Each type of fitting equations concluded that the decreasing order of maximum yield was N one-variable equation,P one-variable equation,K one-variable equation equation,PK two-variable equation,NPK three-variable equation,NP two-variable equation,and NK two-variable equation.Based on all equation decisions of the best fertilizer rate,it is suggested that the region's largest fertilizer rate for forage grass yield is N 55.68 kg/hm^2,P2O579.95 kg/hm^2,and K2O 40.00 kg/hm^2.