北京大清河流域生态涵养区生态地质环境质量综合评价

Eco-Geo-Environment Evaluation of Ecological Conservation Area near the Daqing River of Beijing

北京生态涵养区是首都重要的生态屏障和水源保护地,为提升区域生态功能保障、环境承载力和可持续发展能力,开展地质环境质量综合调查评价工作意义重大。本文以大清河流域生态涵养区作为示范研究区,在遥感地质解译、区域地质环境质量调查和表层土壤地球化学调查的基础上,采用层次分析法、专家打分法以及经验赋值法等综合评价方法,选取生态安全、环境保护、资源利用3项作为决策层,选取地质灾害、矿山环境、土壤环境质量、土壤侵蚀、水污染敏感性、土壤养分以及富硒元素7项指标作为一级指标层,选取地貌类型、坡度、基岩类型、降雨量、土地利用、矿种类型等29项指标作为二级指标层,对研究区地质环境综合质量进行综合评价。依据评价结果,将研究区分为优等区、良好区、较差区和差区4个等级,对应所占面积分别为15.48%、56.84%、25.44%和2.24%。

The Beijing Ecological Conservation Area serves as an important ecological protective screen and water reservation area in Beijing.In order to improve the ecological function conservation,environmental bearing capacity and sustainable development ability in this area,it is of great importance to conduct a comprehensive investigation and evaluation on geological environment quality.Taking the ecological conservation area near the Daqing River as an example,based on interpretation of remote sensing geology,regional geographic environment research and geochemical investigation of surface soil,a comprehensive valuation method involving AHP,expert scoring method and experience assignment method are used in this article.3 indexes including ecology security,environmental protection,resource utilization are considered as decision level,7 indexes including geographic catastrophe,mine environment,soil environment quality,soil erosion,water pollution sensitiveness and Se content are considered as the first index level,and 29 indexes such as landform type,slope,bedrock type,rainfall,land utilization,mineral type are considered as the second index level,a general evaluation on the comprehensive quality of geological environment is conducted in the research area.According to the result,the study area will be divided into 4 grades,namely the first-rate,the medium,the less poor and the poor,with a corresponding area of 15.48%,56.84%,19.63%and 2.24%respectively.