刍议商丘方言词——“中”

On the Word Zhong in Shangqiu Dialect

在商丘方言中,“中”有“行、可以、好、棒”的意思。文章结合日常语料,拟从语法和语用两方面来论述“中”在商丘方言中的独特用法。语法方面,“中”的词性主要表现为动词和形容词,并且其不同的词性展现出不同的入句能力。语用方面,商丘方言中的“中”在日常会话里有四种不同的语用意义:可用于表达认可赞赏义;在应答语中可表示应允同意;应答语中还可表现弱敷衍、不耐烦的语气;可用于反讽。此外,文章还利用语义图模型部分预测了多功能语素“中”不同语用意义的演化路径和方向,并且对中原官话其他地区“中”的使用情况进行了简单分析。

In Shangqiu dialect,zhong has the meanings of"OK,agree,good,great".Combining with the daily corpus,this paper intends to discuss the unique usage of zhong in Shangqiu dialect from two aspects of grammar and pragmatics.In grammatical aspects,the lexical nature of zhong is mainly manifested as verbs and adjectives,and its different lexicality shows different ability of entering sentences.In pragmatic terms,the zhong in Shangqiu dialect has four different pragmatic meanings in daily conversation:(1)It can be used to express recognition and appreciation;(2)Consent may be expressed by the respondent;(3)The answer can also show a weak perfunctory,impatient tone;(4)It can be used for irony.In addition,the evolution paths and directions of different pragmatic meanings of multifunctional morpheme zhong are predicted by using semantic graph model.And the use of zhong in the Central Plains official words in other areas is briefly analyzed.